There are no rivers or brooks, therefore most household dwellings have cisterns or deep underground wells. Waste water is deposited into in-ground septic tanks. Growth: In its Government Program the Island Government has identified six 6 areas of priority areas for sustainable island development. Industry: St Eustatius earns a modest income from agriculture and from a major petroleum trans-shipment programme, but it is tourism that dominates the economy.
Niche Industry: Ecotourism - Dive sites range from coral reefs, drop-offs and canyons to historical and recent wrecks. There are also botanical gardens, hiking trails, and an extinct volcano to enjoy. Three National Park areas St. Schmidt Botanical Gardens protect the high biodiversity and unique tropical ecosystems present on both land and sea and the total protected area covers 33km2 - almost twice the size of the island of St Eustatius.
The national parks system was initiated by the Island Government in to protect diverse habitats on and around the island. The Government recognizes the importance of tourism for the Island economy as well as the welfare and well being of the population. The development is based on a carefully planned policy. Important is to minimize disruptive ethnic, sociocultural and environmental effects associated with tourism development.
The Government shall stimulate and foster ownership and management by Statians but welcomes also foreign investment. The Government will provide all information necessary to investors timely and will support any investment incentive applicable such as tax-holidays.
All legislation to preserve nature and historical buildings are in place, the Historical Core Plan, Statia Marine Park, Botanical Garden, protection of flora and fauna, and sites of historical importance, are in process for approval of the Executive Council and Island Council, such as the establishment of two nature parks and a Monument Ordinance. Almost all consumer goods are imported, with Venezuela, the US, Europe and Japan being the main suppliers. Although at present the island can only be reached through St.
Maarten, other hubs in the area are Puerto Rico and Antigua, both approx. Kitts, approx. Windward Island Airways has 5 daily scheduled flights out of St. Number of Main Ports: 1 The present port was built in and consist of an 80 meters long breakwater with a harbour- light and an 8 meters wide, 60 meters long pier with Ro-Ro accommondation of 15 meters wide. The harbour is suitable for vessels up to DWT and feet long but also vessels of 4.
Other Forms of Transportation:. Official Currency: Netherlands Antillean guilder. Expenses incurred while attending conventions, business meetings and seminars on the island are allowed as deductions according to the same regulations as the islands was a U. Public Ownership: There are three types of land tenure: regular landed property, hereditary tenure or long lease, and the renting of government land.
For economic purposes, especially in the oil and tourism industries, government lands are rented in long renewable leases. Land Use: The Government does not sell land, only long lease for properties used for business purposes. Before approval by the Executive Council a study is carried out on the area that is to developed and if it is according to the Zoning Ordinance and the Hindrance Ordinance of the Island Territory. There is approximately Depending the total investment, employment and contribution to the total community the long lease charges are negotiable.
Within the Quill National Park, varying types of habitat are protected, ranging from elfin forest at the top of the Quill volcano to thorny woodland on the lower slopes.
Fishing: Fish communities are a major resource of coral reefs and marine protected areas. They play an important role in coral reef ecosystems and are commercially important for both fisheries and tourism. There are about 25 fishermen on the island of St. Eustatius, three of which can be considered professional fishermen.
Most of the fishermen are parttime, as they have a fixed on-shore job. Principal fishing methods used by fishermen were reported to be traps, hook and line, trawling and occasionally nets. The Spiny Lobster, Panulirus argus, fishing industry is without a doubt the most important commercial fishery on the island.
Consequently, the lobster trap is the most common fishing gear on the island, with each fisherman possessing approximately lobster traps. Depending on the weather, sea conditions, and season, the traps are hauled twice a week.
The lobster fishery is a seasonal activity which begins in 5 September and ends in April. The principal fishing grounds were reported to be in four areas: 1. On the Atlantic side of the island in line with Bargine Bay to south of Compagnie Bay, from a depth of around 25 meters and for a distance of one nautical mile east.
In the area south of White Wall in waters of meters depth. On the Caribbean side of the island from Cocoluch Bay to Jenkins Bay from 30 meters depth and for a distance of around one nautical mile west. Traps were also laid in Oranje Bay from meters depth and in the area of Gallows Bay immediately south of the City Pier. Following an inventory of the fishing sector of St. Eustatius carried out in February , it was stated that fisherman primarily fish on the narrow shelf surrounding the island.
Marine Life: clams, wahoo, tuna, dolphin, lobster, conch, snapper, and grouper. Critical Issues: Oils spills in the port area is a public health concern. Political System: Type: Parliamentary. Independence: Part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Constitution: December , Statute of the Realm of the Netherlands, as amended. Branches: Executive--monarch represented by a governor-general chief of state , prime minister head of government , Cabinet. Legislative--unicameral parliament. Judicial--Joint High Court of Justice appointed by the monarch.
Suffrage: Universal at Political Parties: St. Eustatius ; St. Important Legislation: Protected under island legislation, St. Eustatius Marine Park, established in , has been actively managed since ; it encompasses all waters surrounding St. Eustatius out to a depth of 30 m and the park contains two no-take zones to protect and replenish fish stocks.
Eustatius and Saba will obtain a new constitutional status within the constitution of the Netherlands. This can be effected by constituting the islands as public entities within the meaning of article of the [Dutch] Constitution. In the Agreement of Principles it has been agreed that the Netherlands Antilles will cease to exist as a distinct governmental entity.
In the new constitutional set-up the Netherlands will be responsible for law enforcement and the administration of justice on St. In the new constitutional set-up St. Eustatius shall have a balanced budget, as well as a balanced long-range perspective.
At the outset of the new constitutional set-up the budget must be balanced in accordance with internationally accepted budgetary principles, as are applied also by the Dutch government. As is the case at present, in the new constitutional set-up the islands will not be authorized to borrow money.
The local activities will be considered for tax generally at a standard rate of The law provides various incentives in order to stimulate investment. These incentives include tax credits on investments, depreciation acceleration, and tax holidays. Pay As You Earn system. The employer has the responsibility of deducting wage tax and premiums from the salaries of employees and paying these amounts to the Island Receiver.
Income tax is the summary of wage taxes and taxes on any other form of income. Wage tax is viewed as a pre-payment of income tax and is therefore deductible. Below is a table of income tax rates based on an annual income. The AVBZ is a social insurance against risks that are difficult to insure. This regards illnesses of long duration chronic , long hospitalization, psychiatric nursing, relief and care of mentally and physically handicapped persons.
This tax is an indirect tax with the character of a consumption tax and is not imposed on imports. The payments are made on a monthly bases to the Federal Receiver. Associated Power: Netherland Antilles,. Citizenship: Dutch Antillean, EU passport. Maarten, St. Eustatius and Saba. The Netherlands Antilles enjoys self-determination on all internal matters and defers to the Netherlands in matters of defence, foreign policy, and judicial functions.
It is made up of 22 senators that form the Parliament. Each island is represented in parliament. Ministers are put in place to take charge of the daily operation of the Federal Government. Ministers are supported by the various federal departments.
A governor-general, who serves a 6-year term, represents and is appointed by the Monarch of the Netherlands, Her Majesty Queen Beatrix. In the Netherlands Antilles local governments are assigned authority independently on each island under the direction of a Kingdom-appointed Island Governor.
These local governments consist of an Island council and an Executive Council administrative body. Eustatius consists of five members and is chaired by the Governor of Sint Eustatius. The Island council in turn appoints two 2 commissioners who along with the Governor of Sint Eustatius forms the Executive Council. The Executive Council of St. Eustatius is made up of commissioners who inturn are responsible for various portfolios, where under you will find the government departments or foundations.
Every four 4 years an Island election is called where members are elected to the Island Council. Population: ; Males: ; Females Area: 21 sq. Population density per sq. Population is predominantly of African descent. During the peak of the slave trade, many Africans were forcibly brought to the island to work on more than 70 plantations.
When slavery was banned in the late s, the people of this country easily began to live in harmony. Islanders share a pleasant nature and a strong work ethic that is evident across the Dutch Caribbean. More than twenty nationalities live, work, and play together peacefully on this quiet island. Elevation is the altitude of a place above sea level. Netherlands Caribbean Netherlands. Quill National Park. Key Col. Island Parent. Nearest Higher Neighbor. Check out a downloadable 3D model of Mazinga area.
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