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How to convert kilograms or grams to pounds and ounces? How do I convert grams to pounds in baby weight? Definition of kilogram The kilogram kg is the SI unit of mass. Definition of pound One pound , the international avoirdupois pound, is legally defined as exactly 0.
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The Defra source [14] points out that "The total CO 2 emissions by UK residents from personal domestic and international flights are more difficult to accurately estimate.
However, data on CO 2 emissions for international flights is only available in the GHGI resulting from aviation bunkers, which are based on the supply of aviation fuel to aircraft in the UK. This therefore represents only the fuel supplied to aircraft on the first leg of their outward flights from the UK and not the return flights.
Such flights will obviously also include passengers who are non-UK residents. An indicative estimate of the CO 2 from personal flights for UK residents was estimated from the aviation bunkers using detailed data on flight destinations and purpose from the international air passenger survey.
The additional effects include contributions from nitrous oxides and ozone. Because of this, the CO 2 emissions from aviation should perhaps be multiplied by an appropriate factor. The size of the factor is often taken to be 2. The most authoritative available opinion on this seems to be that in the Defra document [14] pages 18 and This is usually calculated with the climate metric 'radiative forcing'. Aviation was shown by the IPCC to have a total radiative forcing of 2. More recently, the radiative forcing for the year fleet was evaluated by Sausen et al.
Stordal et al. Whilst it is incorrect to multiply CO 2 emissions by the RFI, it is clear from the foregoing that aviation's effects are more than that of CO 2. Currently, there is not a suitable climate metric to express the relationship between emissions and radiative effects from aviation in the same way that the global warming potential does but this is an active area of research. Nonetheless, it is clear that aviation imposes other effects on climate which are greater than that implied from simply considering its CO 2 emissions alone.
Penner, D. Lister, D. Griggs, D. Dokken and M. McFarland Eds.
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