The most common filler material is flexible graphite, and that is indicated by the grey stripe on the green outer ring. NOTE: there is no marking for gaskets that do not have a stainless steel inner ring, so it is prudent that ALL spiral wound gaskets have an inner ring.
How to Prevent Galling. Skip to content. What is a Gasket? Here are the 8 types of gaskets you will see the most often: 1. Envelope Gasket Double Jacketed Gaskets Envelope Gaskets can be either double jacketed gaskets, or they can have PTFE some call it Teflon but that is a trademarked name on the outside of a stainless steel metal core.
Flat Metal Gaskets Source: Shutterstock These gaskets usually have a stainless steel core without any filler material, and are used in low criticality applications. Non-Asbestos Sheet Material Gaskets Non-asbestos sheet material is typically found with full-face flanges and have elastomeric properties, although they can be just graphite gaskets in few cases. Ring Type Joint Source: Shutterstock. Kammprofile Gasket Courtesy of Salmarcon. Corrugated Metal Gaskets Courtesy of Garlock. Semi-Metallic gaskets are composites of metal and non-metallic materials.
The metal is intended to offer strength and resiliency, while the non-metallic portion provides conformability and sealability. Often used semi-metallic gaskets are spiral wound and camprofile, and a variety of metal-reinforced graphite gaskets. Semi-metallic are designed for almost all operating conditions and high-temperature and pressure applications, and are used on raised face, male-and-female, and tongue-and-groove flanges.
Metallic gaskets are fabricated from one or a combination of metals to the desired shape and size. Often used metallic gaskets are ring-type-joint gaskets RTJ. They are always applied to special, accompanying flanges which ensure good, reliable sealing with the correct choice of profiles and material. Ring Type Joint gaskets are designed to seal by "initial line contact" or wedging action between the mating flange and the gasket.
By applying pressure on the seal interface through bolt force, the "softer" metal of the gasket flows into the microfine structure of the harder flange material, and creating a very tight and efficient seal.
Here below you will find a short description of a number of semi-metallic gaskets, which are largely used. The concept of spiral wound gasket construction was originated by Flexitallic in , inaugurating the beginning of a new era in safe, effective sealing. The primary purpose for this development was the increasingly severe temperatures and pressures used by U.
The necessity for a gasket to have the ability to recover cannot be over emphasized. The effects of pressure and temperature fluctuations, the temperature differential across the flange face, together with bolt stress relaxation and creep, demand a gasket with adequate flexibility and recovery to maintain a seal even under these varying service conditions.
The Spiral Wound Gasket is the precision engineered solution to such problems, meeting the most exacting conditions of both temperature and pressure in flanged joints and similar assemblies and against virtually every known corrosive and toxic media. The spiral wound gasket meets the most exacting conditions of both temperature and pressure in flanged joints and similar assemblies and against every known corrosive and toxic media. The spiral wound gasket depends upon the mechanical characteristics of a formed metal spiral strip, rather than the compressive virtues of more traditional gasket materials.
This makes it particularly suitable for low or fluctuating bolt loads. For this type of gasket to work the spiral must not be over compressed, hence one of two types of compression control is usually used. The completed gasket is fitted into a steel ring of specific thickness. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features.
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Search KB Delta. You must consider the: Chemical resistance Temperature resistance Flexibility Friction Now, irrespective of the type of material you settle for, a gasket can prevent the escape of air, gas, and water in commercial and industrial applications. What is a Gasket? Types of Gaskets There are various types of gaskets; however, the most common examples include: Custom made gaskets Flange gaskets used in piping Specific material properties for gaskets Gaskets used in vehicles such as boats, cars, planes, and trains Gaskets to achieve a particular function such as high or low pressure, temperature, or chemical resistance Various Types of Gasket Material Chemicals, fuel, tremendous pressure, and extreme temperature often encompass the gaskets.
The different types of gasket material to choose from include: 1. On the other hand, there must be high tension bolting during the use of metallic gaskets. Non-metallic Gaskets: Non-metallic gasket material is also known as a soft gasket, and this material can be compressed easily with low tension bolting. The following materials create non-metallic gaskets: Compressed Non-Asbestos Fiber CNAF Teflon Rubber Graphite Aramid fiber Glass fiber On the other hand, non-metallic gaskets have found use cases in low-pressure applications around and class and low temperatures applications.
Teflon or PTFE: Teflon also has excellent chemical resistance, which has made it a reputable sealant in chemical industries. Rubber: Rubber comes with good compression properties, and there are cases where synthetic rubber can withstand extreme weather conditions. Fiberglass: Glass is a combination of metal silicates. It has good strength, temperature resistance, and chemical resistance. Cellulose: This material is suitable for use in low to medium pressure and temperature applications.
Ethylene propylene: It is suitable for use in applications that involve corrosive and hydraulic fluids. Composite Gaskets: Composite gaskets are from a combination of metallic and non-metallic materials.
Full Face: These are gaskets that cover all the flange faces and the gasket material includes bolt holes. RTJ: These are metal ring type joint gaskets. Choosing the Gasket Material Based on the Application Each material has different applications irrespective of whether they are metallic, non-metallic, or composite.
Conclusion There are several types of material to choose from when it comes to gaskets, and your ability to select the right gasket can bring about joint integrity.
Metallic Plates KB Delta manufactures and stocks a complete range of metallic compressor valve plates and rings for the natural gas, refrigeration and P.
Thermoplastic Plates Our specialized precision tooling and proprietary lapping process gives our customers the highest quality thermoplastic plates and rings in the industry. Springs We manufacture our own springs and stock over 2 million springs for a variety of OEM spring styles, forms and materials.
The thickness of inner and outer ring: 2. Ring joint gaskets RTJ ensure a long lasting and strong seal for flanges, valves, piping spools and vessels at high pressure and temperatures which are typical conditions for many petrochemical processes. The RX is a pressure energized version of the R octagonal gasket and fits the R type flat-bottomed groove.
The RX has an increased height and utilizes the internal system pressure to energize and improve the seal as internal pressure increases. Some RX sizes have a pressure relief hole to equalize pressure on both sides of the sealing faces. The gaskets form a metal to metal seal on assembly and the efficiency improves as internal pressure increases. In case a harder material for the ring type joint is used, the groove of the flange would be damaged as the flanges are tightened the hardness values for ring joint gaskets are given below.
A Kammprofile gasket is manufactured by applying a sealing layer in non-metallic materials such as graphite, PTFE-Teflon, ceramic fibers, non-asbestos, Mica, etc or metallic materials as aluminum or silver on both sides of a metal core featuring concentric grooves of 1 mm Cam-Pitch. An outer metallic integral or floating ring may be added to the gasket, to facilitate the centering of the gasket during the installation on a flange.
The sealing layers protect the flange surface and reinforce the seal. The advantages of a graphite layering material are:. A Jacketed gasket features an inner soft material core and an outer metallic shell. The inner filler material provides resilience to the gasket, whereas the metal jacket protects the inner core of the gasket and withstands the pressure, the temperature, and the corrosion of the process.
The table shows the most common metals used for jacketed gaskets and the recommended temperature range:. The two main types of metal jacketed gasket are the single and the double jacket designs.
Besides these two basic types, other designs are available on the market as illustrated below:. The following information should be provided to the gasket supplier to order a jacket-gasket properly:.
Smooth finish is used with a metallic gasket whereas a serrated finish is used with a non-metallic gasket. The soft material of gaskets is set in this serration and prevents liquid or gas from passing from the flange joint.
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